[PATCH 4/6] dts: apply Ruff formatting

[Luca Vizzarro <luca.vizzarro@arm.com>]

While Ruff formatting is Black-compatible and is near-identical, it
still requires formatting for a small set of elements.

Signed-off-by: Luca Vizzarro <luca.vizzarro@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Szczepanek <paul.szczepanek@arm.com>
---
 dts/framework/params/eal.py                   |  5 +-
 dts/framework/remote_session/dpdk_shell.py    |  1 -
 dts/framework/remote_session/python_shell.py  |  1 +
 .../single_active_interactive_shell.py        |  8 +--
 dts/framework/runner.py                       | 36 ++++----------
 dts/framework/settings.py                     |  5 +-
 dts/framework/test_suite.py                   | 37 ++++----------
 dts/framework/testbed_model/capability.py     | 20 ++------
 dts/framework/testbed_model/cpu.py            | 28 ++++-------
 dts/framework/testbed_model/linux_session.py  | 36 ++++----------
 dts/framework/testbed_model/node.py           |  4 +-
 dts/framework/testbed_model/os_session.py     | 13 ++---
 dts/framework/testbed_model/port.py           |  1 -
 dts/framework/testbed_model/posix_session.py  | 48 +++++-------------
 dts/framework/testbed_model/sut_node.py       | 49 +++++--------------
 dts/framework/testbed_model/topology.py       |  4 +-
 .../traffic_generator/__init__.py             |  8 +--
 .../testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py  |  5 +-
 dts/framework/utils.py                        | 32 +++---------
 dts/tests/TestSuite_vlan.py                   |  8 +--
 20 files changed, 90 insertions(+), 259 deletions(-)

diff --git a/dts/framework/params/eal.py b/dts/framework/params/eal.py
index 71bc781eab..b90ff33dcf 100644
--- a/dts/framework/params/eal.py
+++ b/dts/framework/params/eal.py
@@ -27,10 +27,7 @@ class EalParams(Params):
         no_pci: Switch to disable PCI bus, e.g.: ``no_pci=True``.
         vdevs: Virtual devices, e.g.::
 
-            vdevs=[
-                VirtualDevice('net_ring0'),
-                VirtualDevice('net_ring1')
-            ]
+            vdevs = [VirtualDevice("net_ring0"), VirtualDevice("net_ring1")]
 
         ports: The list of ports to allow.
         other_eal_param: user defined DPDK EAL parameters, e.g.::
diff --git a/dts/framework/remote_session/dpdk_shell.py b/dts/framework/remote_session/dpdk_shell.py
index 82fa4755f0..c11d9ab81c 100644
--- a/dts/framework/remote_session/dpdk_shell.py
+++ b/dts/framework/remote_session/dpdk_shell.py
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
 Provides a base class to create interactive shells based on DPDK.
 """
 
-
 from abc import ABC
 from pathlib import PurePath
 
diff --git a/dts/framework/remote_session/python_shell.py b/dts/framework/remote_session/python_shell.py
index 953ed100df..9d4abab12c 100644
--- a/dts/framework/remote_session/python_shell.py
+++ b/dts/framework/remote_session/python_shell.py
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 Typical usage example in a TestSuite::
 
     from framework.remote_session import PythonShell
+
     python_shell = PythonShell(self.tg_node, timeout=5, privileged=True)
     python_shell.send_command("print('Hello World')")
     python_shell.close()
diff --git a/dts/framework/remote_session/single_active_interactive_shell.py b/dts/framework/remote_session/single_active_interactive_shell.py
index a53e8fc6e1..3539f634f9 100644
--- a/dts/framework/remote_session/single_active_interactive_shell.py
+++ b/dts/framework/remote_session/single_active_interactive_shell.py
@@ -124,9 +124,7 @@ def __init__(
         super().__init__()
 
     def _setup_ssh_channel(self):
-        self._ssh_channel = (
-            self._node.main_session.interactive_session.session.invoke_shell()
-        )
+        self._ssh_channel = self._node.main_session.interactive_session.session.invoke_shell()
         self._stdin = self._ssh_channel.makefile_stdin("w")
         self._stdout = self._ssh_channel.makefile("r")
         self._ssh_channel.settimeout(self._timeout)
@@ -136,9 +134,7 @@ def _make_start_command(self) -> str:
         """Makes the command that starts the interactive shell."""
         start_command = f"{self._real_path} {self._app_params or ''}"
         if self._privileged:
-            start_command = self._node.main_session._get_privileged_command(
-                start_command
-            )
+            start_command = self._node.main_session._get_privileged_command(start_command)
         return start_command
 
     def _start_application(self) -> None:
diff --git a/dts/framework/runner.py b/dts/framework/runner.py
index d228ed1b18..510be1a870 100644
--- a/dts/framework/runner.py
+++ b/dts/framework/runner.py
@@ -136,25 +136,17 @@ def run(self) -> None:
 
             # for all test run sections
             for test_run_with_nodes_config in self._configuration.test_runs_with_nodes:
-                test_run_config, sut_node_config, tg_node_config = (
-                    test_run_with_nodes_config
-                )
+                test_run_config, sut_node_config, tg_node_config = test_run_with_nodes_config
                 self._logger.set_stage(DtsStage.test_run_setup)
-                self._logger.info(
-                    f"Running test run with SUT '{sut_node_config.name}'."
-                )
+                self._logger.info(f"Running test run with SUT '{sut_node_config.name}'.")
                 self._init_random_seed(test_run_config)
                 test_run_result = self._result.add_test_run(test_run_config)
                 # we don't want to modify the original config, so create a copy
                 test_run_test_suites = list(
-                    SETTINGS.test_suites
-                    if SETTINGS.test_suites
-                    else test_run_config.test_suites
+                    SETTINGS.test_suites if SETTINGS.test_suites else test_run_config.test_suites
                 )
                 if not test_run_config.skip_smoke_tests:
-                    test_run_test_suites[:0] = [
-                        TestSuiteConfig(test_suite="smoke_tests")
-                    ]
+                    test_run_test_suites[:0] = [TestSuiteConfig(test_suite="smoke_tests")]
                 try:
                     test_suites_with_cases = self._get_test_suites_with_cases(
                         test_run_test_suites, test_run_config.func, test_run_config.perf
@@ -162,8 +154,7 @@ def run(self) -> None:
                     test_run_result.test_suites_with_cases = test_suites_with_cases
                 except Exception as e:
                     self._logger.exception(
-                        f"Invalid test suite configuration found: "
-                        f"{test_run_test_suites}."
+                        f"Invalid test suite configuration found: " f"{test_run_test_suites}."
                     )
                     test_run_result.update_setup(Result.FAIL, e)
 
@@ -245,9 +236,7 @@ def _get_test_suites_with_cases(
                 test_cases.extend(perf_test_cases)
 
             test_suites_with_cases.append(
-                TestSuiteWithCases(
-                    test_suite_class=test_suite_class, test_cases=test_cases
-                )
+                TestSuiteWithCases(test_suite_class=test_suite_class, test_cases=test_cases)
             )
         return test_suites_with_cases
 
@@ -351,9 +340,7 @@ def _run_test_run(
             test_run_result.update_setup(Result.FAIL, e)
 
         else:
-            self._run_test_suites(
-                sut_node, tg_node, test_run_result, test_suites_with_cases
-            )
+            self._run_test_suites(sut_node, tg_node, test_run_result, test_suites_with_cases)
 
         finally:
             try:
@@ -371,16 +358,13 @@ def _get_supported_capabilities(
         topology_config: Topology,
         test_suites_with_cases: Iterable[TestSuiteWithCases],
     ) -> set[Capability]:
-
         capabilities_to_check = set()
         for test_suite_with_cases in test_suites_with_cases:
             capabilities_to_check.update(test_suite_with_cases.required_capabilities)
 
         self._logger.debug(f"Found capabilities to check: {capabilities_to_check}")
 
-        return get_supported_capabilities(
-            sut_node, topology_config, capabilities_to_check
-        )
+        return get_supported_capabilities(sut_node, topology_config, capabilities_to_check)
 
     def _run_test_suites(
         self,
@@ -625,9 +609,7 @@ def _execute_test_case(
             self._logger.exception(f"Test case execution ERROR: {test_case_name}")
             test_case_result.update(Result.ERROR, e)
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            self._logger.error(
-                f"Test case execution INTERRUPTED by user: {test_case_name}"
-            )
+            self._logger.error(f"Test case execution INTERRUPTED by user: {test_case_name}")
             test_case_result.update(Result.SKIP)
             raise KeyboardInterrupt("Stop DTS")
 
diff --git a/dts/framework/settings.py b/dts/framework/settings.py
index 91f317105a..873d400bec 100644
--- a/dts/framework/settings.py
+++ b/dts/framework/settings.py
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@
 Typical usage example::
 
   from framework.settings import SETTINGS
+
   foo = SETTINGS.foo
 """
 
@@ -257,9 +258,7 @@ def _get_help_string(self, action):
         return help
 
 
-def _required_with_one_of(
-    parser: _DTSArgumentParser, action: Action, *required_dests: str
-) -> None:
+def _required_with_one_of(parser: _DTSArgumentParser, action: Action, *required_dests: str) -> None:
     """Verify that `action` is listed together with at least one of `required_dests`.
 
     Verify that when `action` is among the command-line arguments or
diff --git a/dts/framework/test_suite.py b/dts/framework/test_suite.py
index fd6706289e..161bb10066 100644
--- a/dts/framework/test_suite.py
+++ b/dts/framework/test_suite.py
@@ -300,9 +300,7 @@ def get_expected_packet(self, packet: Packet) -> Packet:
         """
         return self.get_expected_packets([packet])[0]
 
-    def _adjust_addresses(
-        self, packets: list[Packet], expected: bool = False
-    ) -> list[Packet]:
+    def _adjust_addresses(self, packets: list[Packet], expected: bool = False) -> list[Packet]:
         """L2 and L3 address additions in both directions.
 
         Copies of `packets` will be made, modified and returned in this method.
@@ -380,21 +378,15 @@ def verify(self, condition: bool, failure_description: str) -> None:
             self._fail_test_case_verify(failure_description)
 
     def _fail_test_case_verify(self, failure_description: str) -> None:
-        self._logger.debug(
-            "A test case failed, showing the last 10 commands executed on SUT:"
-        )
+        self._logger.debug("A test case failed, showing the last 10 commands executed on SUT:")
         for command_res in self.sut_node.main_session.remote_session.history[-10:]:
             self._logger.debug(command_res.command)
-        self._logger.debug(
-            "A test case failed, showing the last 10 commands executed on TG:"
-        )
+        self._logger.debug("A test case failed, showing the last 10 commands executed on TG:")
         for command_res in self.tg_node.main_session.remote_session.history[-10:]:
             self._logger.debug(command_res.command)
         raise TestCaseVerifyError(failure_description)
 
-    def verify_packets(
-        self, expected_packet: Packet, received_packets: list[Packet]
-    ) -> None:
+    def verify_packets(self, expected_packet: Packet, received_packets: list[Packet]) -> None:
         """Verify that `expected_packet` has been received.
 
         Go through `received_packets` and check that `expected_packet` is among them.
@@ -416,9 +408,7 @@ def verify_packets(
                 f"The expected packet {get_packet_summaries(expected_packet)} "
                 f"not found among received {get_packet_summaries(received_packets)}"
             )
-            self._fail_test_case_verify(
-                "An expected packet not found among received packets."
-            )
+            self._fail_test_case_verify("An expected packet not found among received packets.")
 
     def match_all_packets(
         self, expected_packets: list[Packet], received_packets: list[Packet]
@@ -454,9 +444,7 @@ def match_all_packets(
                 f"but {missing_packets_count} were missing."
             )
 
-    def _compare_packets(
-        self, expected_packet: Packet, received_packet: Packet
-    ) -> bool:
+    def _compare_packets(self, expected_packet: Packet, received_packet: Packet) -> bool:
         self._logger.debug(
             f"Comparing packets: \n{expected_packet.summary()}\n{received_packet.summary()}"
         )
@@ -485,14 +473,10 @@ def _compare_packets(
             expected_payload = expected_payload.payload
 
         if expected_payload:
-            self._logger.debug(
-                f"The expected packet did not contain {expected_payload}."
-            )
+            self._logger.debug(f"The expected packet did not contain {expected_payload}.")
             return False
         if received_payload and received_payload.__class__ != Padding:
-            self._logger.debug(
-                "The received payload had extra layers which were not padding."
-            )
+            self._logger.debug("The received payload had extra layers which were not padding.")
             return False
         return True
 
@@ -519,10 +503,7 @@ def _verify_l2_frame(self, received_packet: Ether, l3: bool) -> bool:
 
     def _verify_l3_packet(self, received_packet: IP, expected_packet: IP) -> bool:
         self._logger.debug("Looking at the IP layer.")
-        if (
-            received_packet.src != expected_packet.src
-            or received_packet.dst != expected_packet.dst
-        ):
+        if received_packet.src != expected_packet.src or received_packet.dst != expected_packet.dst:
             return False
         return True
 
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/capability.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/capability.py
index 6e06c75c3d..63f99c4479 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/capability.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/capability.py
@@ -130,9 +130,7 @@ def _get_and_reset(cls, sut_node: SutNode, topology: "Topology") -> set[Self]:
 
     @classmethod
     @abstractmethod
-    def get_supported_capabilities(
-        cls, sut_node: SutNode, topology: "Topology"
-    ) -> set[Self]:
+    def get_supported_capabilities(cls, sut_node: SutNode, topology: "Topology") -> set[Self]:
         """Get the support status of each registered capability.
 
         Each subclass must implement this method and return the subset of supported capabilities
@@ -242,18 +240,14 @@ def get_supported_capabilities(
                         if capability.nic_capability in supported_capabilities:
                             supported_conditional_capabilities.add(capability)
 
-        logger.debug(
-            f"Found supported capabilities {supported_conditional_capabilities}."
-        )
+        logger.debug(f"Found supported capabilities {supported_conditional_capabilities}.")
         return supported_conditional_capabilities
 
     @classmethod
     def _get_decorated_capabilities_map(
         cls,
     ) -> dict[TestPmdShellDecorator | None, set["DecoratedNicCapability"]]:
-        capabilities_map: dict[
-            TestPmdShellDecorator | None, set["DecoratedNicCapability"]
-        ] = {}
+        capabilities_map: dict[TestPmdShellDecorator | None, set["DecoratedNicCapability"]] = {}
         for capability in cls.capabilities_to_check:
             if capability.capability_decorator not in capabilities_map:
                 capabilities_map[capability.capability_decorator] = set()
@@ -316,9 +310,7 @@ class TopologyCapability(Capability):
     _unique_capabilities: ClassVar[dict[str, Self]] = {}
 
     def _preprocess_required(self, test_case_or_suite: type["TestProtocol"]) -> None:
-        test_case_or_suite.required_capabilities.discard(
-            test_case_or_suite.topology_type
-        )
+        test_case_or_suite.required_capabilities.discard(test_case_or_suite.topology_type)
         test_case_or_suite.topology_type = self
 
     @classmethod
@@ -458,9 +450,7 @@ class TestProtocol(Protocol):
     #: The reason for skipping the test case or suite.
     skip_reason: ClassVar[str] = ""
     #: The topology type of the test case or suite.
-    topology_type: ClassVar[TopologyCapability] = TopologyCapability(
-        TopologyType.default
-    )
+    topology_type: ClassVar[TopologyCapability] = TopologyCapability(TopologyType.default)
     #: The capabilities the test case or suite requires in order to be executed.
     required_capabilities: ClassVar[set[Capability]] = set()
 
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/cpu.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/cpu.py
index 0746878770..46bf13960d 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/cpu.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/cpu.py
@@ -67,10 +67,10 @@ def __init__(self, lcore_list: list[int] | list[str] | list[LogicalCore] | str):
 
         There are four supported logical core list formats::
 
-            lcore_list=[LogicalCore1, LogicalCore2]  # a list of LogicalCores
-            lcore_list=[0,1,2,3]        # a list of int indices
-            lcore_list=['0','1','2-3']  # a list of str indices; ranges are supported
-            lcore_list='0,1,2-3'        # a comma delimited str of indices; ranges are supported
+            lcore_list = [LogicalCore1, LogicalCore2]  # a list of LogicalCores
+            lcore_list = [0, 1, 2, 3]  # a list of int indices
+            lcore_list = ["0", "1", "2-3"]  # a list of str indices; ranges are supported
+            lcore_list = "0,1,2-3"  # a comma delimited str of indices; ranges are supported
 
         Args:
             lcore_list: Various ways to represent multiple logical cores.
@@ -87,9 +87,7 @@ def __init__(self, lcore_list: list[int] | list[str] | list[LogicalCore] | str):
 
         # the input lcores may not be sorted
         self._lcore_list.sort()
-        self._lcore_str = (
-            f'{",".join(self._get_consecutive_lcores_range(self._lcore_list))}'
-        )
+        self._lcore_str = f'{",".join(self._get_consecutive_lcores_range(self._lcore_list))}'
 
     @property
     def lcore_list(self) -> list[int]:
@@ -104,15 +102,11 @@ def _get_consecutive_lcores_range(self, lcore_ids_list: list[int]) -> list[str]:
                 segment.append(lcore_id)
             else:
                 formatted_core_list.append(
-                    f"{segment[0]}-{segment[-1]}"
-                    if len(segment) > 1
-                    else f"{segment[0]}"
+                    f"{segment[0]}-{segment[-1]}" if len(segment) > 1 else f"{segment[0]}"
                 )
                 current_core_index = lcore_ids_list.index(lcore_id)
                 formatted_core_list.extend(
-                    self._get_consecutive_lcores_range(
-                        lcore_ids_list[current_core_index:]
-                    )
+                    self._get_consecutive_lcores_range(lcore_ids_list[current_core_index:])
                 )
                 segment.clear()
                 break
@@ -172,9 +166,7 @@ def __init__(
         self._filter_specifier = filter_specifier
 
         # sorting by core is needed in case hyperthreading is enabled
-        self._lcores_to_filter = sorted(
-            lcore_list, key=lambda x: x.core, reverse=not ascending
-        )
+        self._lcores_to_filter = sorted(lcore_list, key=lambda x: x.core, reverse=not ascending)
         self.filter()
 
     @abstractmethod
@@ -302,9 +294,7 @@ def _filter_cores_from_socket(
                 else:
                     # we have enough lcores per this core
                     continue
-            elif self._filter_specifier.cores_per_socket > len(
-                lcore_count_per_core_map
-            ):
+            elif self._filter_specifier.cores_per_socket > len(lcore_count_per_core_map):
                 # only add cores if we need more
                 lcore_count_per_core_map[lcore.core] = 1
                 filtered_lcores.append(lcore)
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/linux_session.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/linux_session.py
index b316f23b4e..bda2d448f7 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/linux_session.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/linux_session.py
@@ -83,9 +83,7 @@ def get_dpdk_file_prefix(self, dpdk_prefix: str) -> str:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.get_dpdk_file_prefix`."""
         return dpdk_prefix
 
-    def setup_hugepages(
-        self, number_of: int, hugepage_size: int, force_first_numa: bool
-    ) -> None:
+    def setup_hugepages(self, number_of: int, hugepage_size: int, force_first_numa: bool) -> None:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.setup_hugepages`.
 
         Raises:
@@ -133,9 +131,7 @@ def _mount_huge_pages(self) -> None:
         if result.stdout == "":
             remote_mount_path = "/mnt/huge"
             self.send_command(f"mkdir -p {remote_mount_path}", privileged=True)
-            self.send_command(
-                f"mount -t hugetlbfs nodev {remote_mount_path}", privileged=True
-            )
+            self.send_command(f"mount -t hugetlbfs nodev {remote_mount_path}", privileged=True)
 
     def _supports_numa(self) -> bool:
         # the system supports numa if self._numa_nodes is non-empty and there are more
@@ -143,13 +139,9 @@ def _supports_numa(self) -> bool:
         # there's no reason to do any numa specific configuration)
         return len(self._numa_nodes) > 1
 
-    def _configure_huge_pages(
-        self, number_of: int, size: int, force_first_numa: bool
-    ) -> None:
+    def _configure_huge_pages(self, number_of: int, size: int, force_first_numa: bool) -> None:
         self._logger.info("Configuring Hugepages.")
-        hugepage_config_path = (
-            f"/sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-{size}kB/nr_hugepages"
-        )
+        hugepage_config_path = f"/sys/kernel/mm/hugepages/hugepages-{size}kB/nr_hugepages"
         if force_first_numa and self._supports_numa():
             # clear non-numa hugepages
             self.send_command(f"echo 0 | tee {hugepage_config_path}", privileged=True)
@@ -158,25 +150,19 @@ def _configure_huge_pages(
                 f"/hugepages-{size}kB/nr_hugepages"
             )
 
-        self.send_command(
-            f"echo {number_of} | tee {hugepage_config_path}", privileged=True
-        )
+        self.send_command(f"echo {number_of} | tee {hugepage_config_path}", privileged=True)
 
     def update_ports(self, ports: list[Port]) -> None:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.update_ports`."""
         self._logger.debug("Gathering port info.")
         for port in ports:
-            assert (
-                port.node == self.name
-            ), "Attempted to gather port info on the wrong node"
+            assert port.node == self.name, "Attempted to gather port info on the wrong node"
 
         port_info_list = self._get_lshw_info()
         for port in ports:
             for port_info in port_info_list:
                 if f"pci@{port.pci}" == port_info.get("businfo"):
-                    self._update_port_attr(
-                        port, port_info.get("logicalname"), "logical_name"
-                    )
+                    self._update_port_attr(port, port_info.get("logicalname"), "logical_name")
                     self._update_port_attr(port, port_info.get("serial"), "mac_address")
                     port_info_list.remove(port_info)
                     break
@@ -187,14 +173,10 @@ def _get_lshw_info(self) -> list[LshwOutput]:
         output = self.send_command("lshw -quiet -json -C network", verify=True)
         return json.loads(output.stdout)
 
-    def _update_port_attr(
-        self, port: Port, attr_value: str | None, attr_name: str
-    ) -> None:
+    def _update_port_attr(self, port: Port, attr_value: str | None, attr_name: str) -> None:
         if attr_value:
             setattr(port, attr_name, attr_value)
-            self._logger.debug(
-                f"Found '{attr_name}' of port {port.pci}: '{attr_value}'."
-            )
+            self._logger.debug(f"Found '{attr_name}' of port {port.pci}: '{attr_value}'.")
         else:
             self._logger.warning(
                 f"Attempted to get '{attr_name}' of port {port.pci}, but it doesn't exist."
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/node.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/node.py
index e8021a4afe..c6f12319ca 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/node.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/node.py
@@ -198,9 +198,7 @@ def close(self) -> None:
             session.close()
 
 
-def create_session(
-    node_config: NodeConfiguration, name: str, logger: DTSLogger
-) -> OSSession:
+def create_session(node_config: NodeConfiguration, name: str, logger: DTSLogger) -> OSSession:
     """Factory for OS-aware sessions.
 
     Args:
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/os_session.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/os_session.py
index 1b2885be5d..28eccc05ed 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/os_session.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/os_session.py
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     the :attr:`~.node.Node.main_session` translates that to ``rm -rf`` if the node's OS is Linux
     and other commands for other OSs. It also translates the path to match the underlying OS.
 """
+
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from collections.abc import Iterable
 from dataclasses import dataclass
@@ -195,9 +196,7 @@ def remote_path_exists(self, remote_path: str | PurePath) -> bool:
         """
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def copy_from(
-        self, source_file: str | PurePath, destination_dir: str | Path
-    ) -> None:
+    def copy_from(self, source_file: str | PurePath, destination_dir: str | Path) -> None:
         """Copy a file from the remote node to the local filesystem.
 
         Copy `source_file` from the remote node associated with this remote
@@ -303,9 +302,7 @@ def copy_dir_to(
         """
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def remove_remote_file(
-        self, remote_file_path: str | PurePath, force: bool = True
-    ) -> None:
+    def remove_remote_file(self, remote_file_path: str | PurePath, force: bool = True) -> None:
         """Remove remote file, by default remove forcefully.
 
         Args:
@@ -479,9 +476,7 @@ def get_dpdk_file_prefix(self, dpdk_prefix: str) -> str:
         """
 
     @abstractmethod
-    def setup_hugepages(
-        self, number_of: int, hugepage_size: int, force_first_numa: bool
-    ) -> None:
+    def setup_hugepages(self, number_of: int, hugepage_size: int, force_first_numa: bool) -> None:
         """Configure hugepages on the node.
 
         Get the node's Hugepage Size, configure the specified count of hugepages
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/port.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/port.py
index 817405bea4..566f4c5b46 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/port.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/port.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 drivers and address.
 """
 
-
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 
 from framework.config import PortConfig
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/posix_session.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/posix_session.py
index f707b6e17b..29e314db6e 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/posix_session.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/posix_session.py
@@ -96,9 +96,7 @@ def remote_path_exists(self, remote_path: str | PurePath) -> bool:
         result = self.send_command(f"test -e {remote_path}")
         return not result.return_code
 
-    def copy_from(
-        self, source_file: str | PurePath, destination_dir: str | Path
-    ) -> None:
+    def copy_from(self, source_file: str | PurePath, destination_dir: str | Path) -> None:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.copy_from`."""
         self.remote_session.copy_from(source_file, destination_dir)
 
@@ -115,16 +113,12 @@ def copy_dir_from(
     ) -> None:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.copy_dir_from`."""
         source_dir = PurePath(source_dir)
-        remote_tarball_path = self.create_remote_tarball(
-            source_dir, compress_format, exclude
-        )
+        remote_tarball_path = self.create_remote_tarball(source_dir, compress_format, exclude)
 
         self.copy_from(remote_tarball_path, destination_dir)
         self.remove_remote_file(remote_tarball_path)
 
-        tarball_path = Path(
-            destination_dir, f"{source_dir.name}.{compress_format.extension}"
-        )
+        tarball_path = Path(destination_dir, f"{source_dir.name}.{compress_format.extension}")
         extract_tarball(tarball_path)
         tarball_path.unlink()
 
@@ -147,9 +141,7 @@ def copy_dir_to(
         self.extract_remote_tarball(remote_tar_path)
         self.remove_remote_file(remote_tar_path)
 
-    def remove_remote_file(
-        self, remote_file_path: str | PurePath, force: bool = True
-    ) -> None:
+    def remove_remote_file(self, remote_file_path: str | PurePath, force: bool = True) -> None:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.remove_remote_dir`."""
         opts = PosixSession.combine_short_options(f=force)
         self.send_command(f"rm{opts} {remote_file_path}")
@@ -184,15 +176,11 @@ def generate_tar_exclude_args(exclude_patterns) -> str:
             """
             if exclude_patterns:
                 exclude_patterns = convert_to_list_of_string(exclude_patterns)
-                return "".join(
-                    [f" --exclude={pattern}" for pattern in exclude_patterns]
-                )
+                return "".join([f" --exclude={pattern}" for pattern in exclude_patterns])
             return ""
 
         posix_remote_dir_path = PurePosixPath(remote_dir_path)
-        target_tarball_path = PurePosixPath(
-            f"{remote_dir_path}.{compress_format.extension}"
-        )
+        target_tarball_path = PurePosixPath(f"{remote_dir_path}.{compress_format.extension}")
 
         self.send_command(
             f"tar caf {target_tarball_path}{generate_tar_exclude_args(exclude)} "
@@ -285,9 +273,7 @@ def build_dpdk(
 
     def get_dpdk_version(self, build_dir: str | PurePath) -> str:
         """Overrides :meth:`~.os_session.OSSession.get_dpdk_version`."""
-        out = self.send_command(
-            f"cat {self.join_remote_path(build_dir, 'VERSION')}", verify=True
-        )
+        out = self.send_command(f"cat {self.join_remote_path(build_dir, 'VERSION')}", verify=True)
         return out.stdout
 
     def kill_cleanup_dpdk_apps(self, dpdk_prefix_list: Iterable[str]) -> None:
@@ -302,9 +288,7 @@ def kill_cleanup_dpdk_apps(self, dpdk_prefix_list: Iterable[str]) -> None:
             self._check_dpdk_hugepages(dpdk_runtime_dirs)
             self._remove_dpdk_runtime_dirs(dpdk_runtime_dirs)
 
-    def _get_dpdk_runtime_dirs(
-        self, dpdk_prefix_list: Iterable[str]
-    ) -> list[PurePosixPath]:
+    def _get_dpdk_runtime_dirs(self, dpdk_prefix_list: Iterable[str]) -> list[PurePosixPath]:
         """Find runtime directories DPDK apps are currently using.
 
         Args:
@@ -332,9 +316,7 @@ def _list_remote_dirs(self, remote_path: str | PurePath) -> list[str] | None:
         Returns:
             The contents of remote_path. If remote_path doesn't exist, return None.
         """
-        out = self.send_command(
-            f"ls -l {remote_path} | awk '/^d/ {{print $NF}}'"
-        ).stdout
+        out = self.send_command(f"ls -l {remote_path} | awk '/^d/ {{print $NF}}'").stdout
         if "No such file or directory" in out:
             return None
         else:
@@ -365,9 +347,7 @@ def _get_dpdk_pids(self, dpdk_runtime_dirs: Iterable[str | PurePath]) -> list[in
                             pids.append(int(match.group(1)))
         return pids
 
-    def _check_dpdk_hugepages(
-        self, dpdk_runtime_dirs: Iterable[str | PurePath]
-    ) -> None:
+    def _check_dpdk_hugepages(self, dpdk_runtime_dirs: Iterable[str | PurePath]) -> None:
         """Check there aren't any leftover hugepages.
 
         If any hugepages are found, emit a warning. The hugepages are investigated in the
@@ -386,9 +366,7 @@ def _check_dpdk_hugepages(
                     self._logger.warning(out)
                     self._logger.warning("*******************************************")
 
-    def _remove_dpdk_runtime_dirs(
-        self, dpdk_runtime_dirs: Iterable[str | PurePath]
-    ) -> None:
+    def _remove_dpdk_runtime_dirs(self, dpdk_runtime_dirs: Iterable[str | PurePath]) -> None:
         for dpdk_runtime_dir in dpdk_runtime_dirs:
             self.remove_remote_dir(dpdk_runtime_dir)
 
@@ -425,6 +403,4 @@ def get_node_info(self) -> OSSessionInfo:
             SETTINGS.timeout,
         ).stdout.split("\n")
         kernel_version = self.send_command("uname -r", SETTINGS.timeout).stdout
-        return OSSessionInfo(
-            os_release_info[0].strip(), os_release_info[1].strip(), kernel_version
-        )
+        return OSSessionInfo(os_release_info[0].strip(), os_release_info[1].strip(), kernel_version)
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/sut_node.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/sut_node.py
index 6adcff01c2..a9dc0a474a 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/sut_node.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/sut_node.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 An SUT node is where this SUT runs.
 """
 
-
 import os
 import time
 from dataclasses import dataclass
@@ -139,9 +138,7 @@ def remote_dpdk_build_dir(self) -> str | PurePath:
     def dpdk_version(self) -> str | None:
         """Last built DPDK version."""
         if self._dpdk_version is None:
-            self._dpdk_version = self.main_session.get_dpdk_version(
-                self._remote_dpdk_tree_path
-            )
+            self._dpdk_version = self.main_session.get_dpdk_version(self._remote_dpdk_tree_path)
         return self._dpdk_version
 
     @property
@@ -155,9 +152,7 @@ def node_info(self) -> OSSessionInfo:
     def compiler_version(self) -> str | None:
         """The node's compiler version."""
         if self._compiler_version is None:
-            self._logger.warning(
-                "The `compiler_version` is None because a pre-built DPDK is used."
-            )
+            self._logger.warning("The `compiler_version` is None because a pre-built DPDK is used.")
 
         return self._compiler_version
 
@@ -185,9 +180,7 @@ def get_dpdk_build_info(self) -> DPDKBuildInfo:
         Returns:
             The DPDK build information,
         """
-        return DPDKBuildInfo(
-            dpdk_version=self.dpdk_version, compiler_version=self.compiler_version
-        )
+        return DPDKBuildInfo(dpdk_version=self.dpdk_version, compiler_version=self.compiler_version)
 
     def set_up_test_run(
         self,
@@ -277,9 +270,7 @@ def _set_remote_dpdk_tree_path(self, dpdk_tree: PurePath):
                 f"Remote DPDK source tree '{dpdk_tree}' not found in SUT node."
             )
         if not self.main_session.is_remote_dir(dpdk_tree):
-            raise ConfigurationError(
-                f"Remote DPDK source tree '{dpdk_tree}' must be a directory."
-            )
+            raise ConfigurationError(f"Remote DPDK source tree '{dpdk_tree}' must be a directory.")
 
         self.__remote_dpdk_tree_path = dpdk_tree
 
@@ -315,13 +306,9 @@ def _validate_remote_dpdk_tarball(self, dpdk_tarball: PurePath) -> None:
             ConfigurationError: If the `dpdk_tarball` is a valid path but not a valid tar archive.
         """
         if not self.main_session.remote_path_exists(dpdk_tarball):
-            raise RemoteFileNotFoundError(
-                f"Remote DPDK tarball '{dpdk_tarball}' not found in SUT."
-            )
+            raise RemoteFileNotFoundError(f"Remote DPDK tarball '{dpdk_tarball}' not found in SUT.")
         if not self.main_session.is_remote_tarfile(dpdk_tarball):
-            raise ConfigurationError(
-                f"Remote DPDK tarball '{dpdk_tarball}' must be a tar archive."
-            )
+            raise ConfigurationError(f"Remote DPDK tarball '{dpdk_tarball}' must be a tar archive.")
 
     def _copy_dpdk_tarball_to_remote(self, dpdk_tarball: Path) -> PurePath:
         """Copy the local DPDK tarball to the SUT node.
@@ -336,9 +323,7 @@ def _copy_dpdk_tarball_to_remote(self, dpdk_tarball: Path) -> PurePath:
             f"Copying DPDK tarball to SUT: '{dpdk_tarball}' into '{self._remote_tmp_dir}'."
         )
         self.main_session.copy_to(dpdk_tarball, self._remote_tmp_dir)
-        return self.main_session.join_remote_path(
-            self._remote_tmp_dir, dpdk_tarball.name
-        )
+        return self.main_session.join_remote_path(self._remote_tmp_dir, dpdk_tarball.name)
 
     def _prepare_and_extract_dpdk_tarball(self, remote_tarball_path: PurePath) -> None:
         """Prepare the remote DPDK tree path and extract the tarball.
@@ -362,9 +347,7 @@ def remove_tarball_suffix(remote_tarball_path: PurePath) -> PurePath:
             if len(remote_tarball_path.suffixes) > 1:
                 if remote_tarball_path.suffixes[-2] == ".tar":
                     suffixes_to_remove = "".join(remote_tarball_path.suffixes[-2:])
-                    return PurePath(
-                        str(remote_tarball_path).replace(suffixes_to_remove, "")
-                    )
+                    return PurePath(str(remote_tarball_path).replace(suffixes_to_remove, ""))
             return remote_tarball_path.with_suffix("")
 
         tarball_top_dir = self.main_session.get_tarball_top_dir(remote_tarball_path)
@@ -407,9 +390,7 @@ def _set_remote_dpdk_build_dir(self, build_dir: str):
 
         self._remote_dpdk_build_dir = PurePath(remote_dpdk_build_dir)
 
-    def _configure_dpdk_build(
-        self, dpdk_build_config: DPDKBuildOptionsConfiguration
-    ) -> None:
+    def _configure_dpdk_build(self, dpdk_build_config: DPDKBuildOptionsConfiguration) -> None:
         """Populate common environment variables and set the DPDK build related properties.
 
         This method sets `compiler_version` for additional information and `remote_dpdk_build_dir`
@@ -419,13 +400,9 @@ def _configure_dpdk_build(
             dpdk_build_config: A DPDK build configuration to test.
         """
         self._env_vars = {}
-        self._env_vars.update(
-            self.main_session.get_dpdk_build_env_vars(dpdk_build_config.arch)
-        )
+        self._env_vars.update(self.main_session.get_dpdk_build_env_vars(dpdk_build_config.arch))
         if compiler_wrapper := dpdk_build_config.compiler_wrapper:
-            self._env_vars["CC"] = (
-                f"'{compiler_wrapper} {dpdk_build_config.compiler.name}'"
-            )
+            self._env_vars["CC"] = f"'{compiler_wrapper} {dpdk_build_config.compiler.name}'"
         else:
             self._env_vars["CC"] = dpdk_build_config.compiler.name
 
@@ -476,9 +453,7 @@ def build_dpdk_app(self, app_name: str, **meson_dpdk_args: str | bool) -> PurePa
         )
 
         if app_name == "all":
-            return self.main_session.join_remote_path(
-                self.remote_dpdk_build_dir, "examples"
-            )
+            return self.main_session.join_remote_path(self.remote_dpdk_build_dir, "examples")
         return self.main_session.join_remote_path(
             self.remote_dpdk_build_dir, "examples", f"dpdk-{app_name}"
         )
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/topology.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/topology.py
index 2c10aff4ef..0bad59d2a4 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/topology.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/topology.py
@@ -58,9 +58,7 @@ def get_from_value(cls, value: int) -> "TopologyType":
             case 2:
                 return TopologyType.two_links
             case _:
-                raise ConfigurationError(
-                    "More than two links in a topology are not supported."
-                )
+                raise ConfigurationError("More than two links in a topology are not supported.")
 
 
 class Topology:
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/__init__.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/__init__.py
index e7fd511a00..e501f6d5ee 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/__init__.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/__init__.py
@@ -39,10 +39,6 @@ def create_traffic_generator(
     """
     match traffic_generator_config:
         case ScapyTrafficGeneratorConfig():
-            return ScapyTrafficGenerator(
-                tg_node, traffic_generator_config, privileged=True
-            )
+            return ScapyTrafficGenerator(tg_node, traffic_generator_config, privileged=True)
         case _:
-            raise ConfigurationError(
-                f"Unknown traffic generator: {traffic_generator_config.type}"
-            )
+            raise ConfigurationError(f"Unknown traffic generator: {traffic_generator_config.type}")
diff --git a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py
index 16cc361cab..07e1242548 100644
--- a/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py
+++ b/dts/framework/testbed_model/traffic_generator/scapy.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 implement the methods for handling packets by sending commands into the interactive shell.
 """
 
-
 import re
 import time
 from typing import ClassVar
@@ -231,9 +230,7 @@ def _shell_start_and_stop_sniffing(self, duration: float) -> list[Packet]:
         self.send_command(f"{self._sniffer_name}.start()")
         # Insert a one second delay to prevent timeout errors from occurring
         time.sleep(duration + 1)
-        self.send_command(
-            f"{sniffed_packets_name} = {self._sniffer_name}.stop(join=True)"
-        )
+        self.send_command(f"{sniffed_packets_name} = {self._sniffer_name}.stop(join=True)")
         # An extra newline is required here due to the nature of interactive Python shells
         packet_strs = self.send_command(
             f"for pakt in {sniffed_packets_name}: print(bytes_base64(pakt.build()))\n"
diff --git a/dts/framework/utils.py b/dts/framework/utils.py
index 6ff9a485ba..6839bcf243 100644
--- a/dts/framework/utils.py
+++ b/dts/framework/utils.py
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@
 REGEX_FOR_PCI_ADDRESS: str = r"[0-9a-fA-F]{4}:[0-9a-fA-F]{2}:[0-9a-fA-F]{2}.[0-9]{1}"
 _REGEX_FOR_COLON_OR_HYPHEN_SEP_MAC: str = r"(?:[\da-fA-F]{2}[:-]){5}[\da-fA-F]{2}"
 _REGEX_FOR_DOT_SEP_MAC: str = r"(?:[\da-fA-F]{4}.){2}[\da-fA-F]{4}"
-REGEX_FOR_MAC_ADDRESS: str = (
-    rf"{_REGEX_FOR_COLON_OR_HYPHEN_SEP_MAC}|{_REGEX_FOR_DOT_SEP_MAC}"
-)
+REGEX_FOR_MAC_ADDRESS: str = rf"{_REGEX_FOR_COLON_OR_HYPHEN_SEP_MAC}|{_REGEX_FOR_DOT_SEP_MAC}"
 REGEX_FOR_BASE64_ENCODING: str = "[-a-zA-Z0-9+\\/]*={0,3}"
 
 
@@ -58,9 +56,7 @@ def expand_range(range_str: str) -> list[int]:
         range_boundaries = range_str.split("-")
         # will throw an exception when items in range_boundaries can't be converted,
         # serving as type check
-        expanded_range.extend(
-            range(int(range_boundaries[0]), int(range_boundaries[-1]) + 1)
-        )
+        expanded_range.extend(range(int(range_boundaries[0]), int(range_boundaries[-1]) + 1))
 
     return expanded_range
 
@@ -77,9 +73,7 @@ def get_packet_summaries(packets: list[Packet]) -> str:
     if len(packets) == 1:
         packet_summaries = packets[0].summary()
     else:
-        packet_summaries = json.dumps(
-            list(map(lambda pkt: pkt.summary(), packets)), indent=4
-        )
+        packet_summaries = json.dumps(list(map(lambda pkt: pkt.summary(), packets)), indent=4)
     return f"Packet contents: \n{packet_summaries}"
 
 
@@ -87,9 +81,7 @@ class StrEnum(Enum):
     """Enum with members stored as strings."""
 
     @staticmethod
-    def _generate_next_value_(
-        name: str, start: int, count: int, last_values: object
-    ) -> str:
+    def _generate_next_value_(name: str, start: int, count: int, last_values: object) -> str:
         return name
 
     def __str__(self) -> str:
@@ -116,9 +108,7 @@ def __init__(self, default_library: str | None = None, **dpdk_args: str | bool):
 
                 meson_args = MesonArgs(enable_kmods=True).
         """
-        self._default_library = (
-            f"--default-library={default_library}" if default_library else ""
-        )
+        self._default_library = f"--default-library={default_library}" if default_library else ""
         self._dpdk_args = " ".join(
             (
                 f"-D{dpdk_arg_name}={dpdk_arg_value}"
@@ -159,9 +149,7 @@ def extension(self):
         For other compression formats, the extension will be in the format
         'tar.{compression format}'.
         """
-        return (
-            f"{self.value}" if self == self.none else f"{self.none.value}.{self.value}"
-        )
+        return f"{self.value}" if self == self.none else f"{self.none.value}.{self.value}"
 
 
 def convert_to_list_of_string(value: Any | list[Any]) -> list[str]:
@@ -206,9 +194,7 @@ def create_filter_function(
 
             def filter_func(tarinfo: tarfile.TarInfo) -> tarfile.TarInfo | None:
                 file_name = os.path.basename(tarinfo.name)
-                if any(
-                    fnmatch.fnmatch(file_name, pattern) for pattern in exclude_patterns
-                ):
+                if any(fnmatch.fnmatch(file_name, pattern) for pattern in exclude_patterns):
                     return None
                 return tarinfo
 
@@ -301,9 +287,7 @@ def _make_packet() -> Packet:
             packet /= random.choice(l4_factories)(sport=src_port, dport=dst_port)
 
         max_payload_size = mtu - len(packet)
-        usable_payload_size = (
-            payload_size if payload_size < max_payload_size else max_payload_size
-        )
+        usable_payload_size = payload_size if payload_size < max_payload_size else max_payload_size
         return packet / random.randbytes(usable_payload_size)
 
     return [_make_packet() for _ in range(number_of)]
diff --git a/dts/tests/TestSuite_vlan.py b/dts/tests/TestSuite_vlan.py
index 524854ea89..35221fe362 100644
--- a/dts/tests/TestSuite_vlan.py
+++ b/dts/tests/TestSuite_vlan.py
@@ -38,9 +38,7 @@ class TestVlan(TestSuite):
     tag when insertion is enabled.
     """
 
-    def send_vlan_packet_and_verify(
-        self, should_receive: bool, strip: bool, vlan_id: int
-    ) -> None:
+    def send_vlan_packet_and_verify(self, should_receive: bool, strip: bool, vlan_id: int) -> None:
         """Generate a VLAN packet, send and verify packet with same payload is received on the dut.
 
         Args:
@@ -155,9 +153,7 @@ def test_vlan_no_receipt(self) -> None:
         with TestPmdShell(node=self.sut_node) as testpmd:
             self.vlan_setup(testpmd=testpmd, port_id=0, filtered_id=1)
             testpmd.start()
-            self.send_vlan_packet_and_verify(
-                should_receive=False, strip=False, vlan_id=2
-            )
+            self.send_vlan_packet_and_verify(should_receive=False, strip=False, vlan_id=2)
 
     @func_test
     def test_vlan_header_insertion(self) -> None:
-- 
2.43.0