Fair enough... I think that is just something we're going to have to live with. The other solutions are either much more painful, or much more work. If we can use header/buffer splitting that would be superior.  Right now we can't use that everywhere because it isn't available everywhere. On Mar 26, 2024 at 1:35 PM -0700, Stephen Hemminger , wrote: > On Tue, 26 Mar 2024 10:43:30 -0700 > Garrett D'Amore wrote: > > > This had occurred to me as well.  I think most hardware DMA engines can align on 32-bit boundaries.  I've yet to see a device that actually requires 64-bit DMA alignment.  (But I have only looked at a subset  of devices, and most of the  ones I have looked at are not ones that would be considered 'modern'.) > > There maybe a PCI transaction performance penalty if not aligned.