test suite reviews and discussions
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: "Liu, Yong" <yong.liu@intel.com>
To: "Xu, Qian Q" <qian.q.xu@intel.com>, "dts@dpdk.org" <dts@dpdk.org>
Subject: Re: [dts] [PATCH 5/5] add vhost-user one vm sample case
Date: Mon, 13 Jul 2015 01:25:34 +0000	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <86228AFD5BCD8E4EBFD2B90117B5E81E10E5FE1C@SHSMSX103.ccr.corp.intel.com> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <1436750050-2479-6-git-send-email-qian.q.xu@intel.com>

Qian, please use pep8 tool to check with this patch. Please also remove those useless code start with "#". 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: dts [mailto:dts-bounces@dpdk.org] On Behalf Of Qian Xu
> Sent: Monday, July 13, 2015 9:14 AM
> To: dts@dpdk.org
> Subject: [dts] [PATCH 5/5] add vhost-user one vm sample case
> 
> Signed-off-by: Qian Xu <qian.q.xu@intel.com>
> 
> diff --git a/tests/TestSuite_vhost_sample.py
> b/tests/TestSuite_vhost_sample.py
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000..2769c3a
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/tests/TestSuite_vhost_sample.py
> @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@
> +#BSD LICENSE
> +#
> +# Copyright(c) 2010-2015 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
> +# All rights reserved.
> +#
> +# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
> +# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
> +# are met:
> +#
> +#   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
> +#     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
> +#   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
> +#     notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
> +#     the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
> +#     distribution.
> +#   * Neither the name of Intel Corporation nor the names of its
> +#     contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived
> +#     from this software without specific prior written permission.
> +#
> +# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
> +# "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
> +# LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
> +# A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
> +# OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
> +# SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
> +# LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
> +# DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
> +# THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
> +# (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
> +# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
> +
> +"""
> +DPDK Test suite.
> +
> +Vhost user one-copy sample test suite.
> +"""
> +import os
> +import dts
> +import string
> +import re
> +import time
> +from scapy.utils import wrpcap, rdpcap
> +from test_case import TestCase
> +from exception import VerifyFailure
> +from settings import HEADER_SIZE
> +from etgen import IxiaPacketGenerator
> +from qemu_kvm import QEMUKvm
> +
> +class TestVhostSample(TestCase, IxiaPacketGenerator):
> +
> +	def set_up_all(self):
> +		# To Extend IXIA packet generator method, call the tester's
> method.
> +
> 	self.tester.extend_external_packet_generator(TestVhostSample,self)
> +
> +        	# Change config file,no need now since the default is y.
> +            	#self.dut.send_expect("sed -i -e
> 's/CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_VHOST=.*$/CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_VHOST=y/' ./config/common
> _linuxapp", "# ", 30)
> +
> +		# Build target with modified config file
> +	    	self.dut.build_install_dpdk(self.target)
> +
> +
> +		# Get and verify the ports
> +		self.dut_ports = self.dut.get_ports()
> +		self.verify(len(self.dut_ports) >= 1, "Insufficient ports for
> testing")
> +
> +		# Get the port's socket
> + 		self.pf = self.dut_ports[0]
> +		netdev = self.dut.ports_info[self.pf]['port']
> +		self.socket = netdev.get_nic_socket()
> +		self.cores = self.dut.get_core_list("1S/2C/1T",
> socket=self.socket)
> +
> +		# Set the params of vhost sample
> +		self.vhost_app = "./examples/vhost/build/vhost-switch"
> +		self.zero_copy = 0
> +		self.vm2vm = 0
> +		self.jumbo = 0
> +		#self.rxq = 1
> +		# Using file to save the vhost sample output since in
> jumboframe case, there will be lots of output
> +		self.vhost_test = self.vhost_app + " -c %s -n %d --socket-mem
> 1024,1024 -- -p 0x1 --mergeable %d --zero-copy %d --vm2vm %d
> 2 > ./vhost.out &"
> + 		# build the vhost sample in vhost-user mode.
> +		self.dut.send_expect("sed -i -e 's/define MAX_QUEUES
> 512/define MAX_QUEUES 128/' ./examples/vhost/main.c", "#")
> +		out = self.dut.send_expect("make -C examples/vhost", "#")
> +		self.verify("Error" not in out, "compilation error")
> +		self.verify("No such file" not in out, "Not found file error")
> +
> +		# Define the virtio/VM variables
> +		self.virtio1 = "eth1"
> +		self.virtio2 = "eth2"
> +		self.virtio1_mac = "52:54:00:00:00:01"
> +		self.virtio2_mac = "52:54:00:00:00:02"
> +		self.src1 = "192.168.4.1"
> +		self.src2 = "192.168.3.1"
> +		self.dst1 = "192.168.3.1"
> +		self.dst2 = "192.168.4.1"
> +		self.vm_dut = None
> +
> +		self.header_row = ["Test","Mode", "Frame", "Mpps", "%
> linerate"]
> +		self.memory_channel = 4
> +
> +	def set_up(self):
> +        ######################################
> +        ## Run before each test case.
> +        ######################################

Please use """ for function description. This will be used for function's doc string.

> +		# Launch vhost sample using default params
> +
> +		if "jumbo" in self.running_case:
> +			self.jumbo = 1
> +			self.frame_sizes =
> [68,128,256,512,1024,1280,1518,1522,2048,5000,9000]
> +			#self.frame_sizes = [256,5000]
> +			self.vm_testpmd = "./x86_64-native-linuxapp-
> gcc/app/testpmd -c f -n 3" \
> +                          + " -- -i --txqflags=0xf00 --disable-hw-vlan-
> filter --max-pkt-len 9600"
> +		else:
> +			self.jumbo = 0
> +			self.frame_sizes = [68,128,256,512,1024,1280,1518]
> +			#self.frame_sizes = [68, 128]
> +			self.vm_testpmd = "./x86_64-native-linuxapp-
> gcc/app/testpmd -c f -n 3" \
> +                          + " -- -i --txqflags=0xf00 --disable-hw-vlan-
> filter"
> +		self.dut.send_expect("rm -rf ./vhost.out", "#")
> +
> +		self.launch_vhost_sample()
> +
> +		print "Start VM with 2virtio\n"
> +               	# start VM with 2virtio
> +           	self.start_onevm()
> +

Please use dts.GREEN to emphasize the log.

> +
> +	def launch_vhost_sample(self):
> +	####################################################################
> +	## Launch the vhost sample with different parameters
> +	####################################################################
> 
> +		self.coremask = dts.create_mask(self.cores)
> +		self.vhostapp_testcmd = self.vhost_test %(self.coremask,
> self.memory_channel, self.jumbo, self.zero_copy,
> +							self.vm2vm)
> +#		self.dut.send_expect(self.vhostapp_testcmd, "VHOST_CONFIG:
> bind to vhost-net", 120)
> +		self.dut.send_expect(self.vhostapp_testcmd, "# ", 40)
> +                time.sleep(30)
> +		try:
> +			print "Launch vhost sample\n"
> +			out = self.dut.send_expect("cat ./vhost.out",
> "VHOST_CONFIG: bind to vhost-net", 20)
> +			if "Error" in out:
> +				raise Exception("Launch vhost sample failed")
> +		except Exception as e:
> +				print dts.RED("Failed to launch vhost
> sample: %s" %str(e))
> +				self.dut.send_expect("rm -rf ./vhost-net" ,"#", 20)
> +
> +	def start_onevm(self):
> +	#####################################
> +	## Start One VM with 2 virtio devices
> +	#####################################
> +
> +		self.vm = QEMUKvm(self.dut, 'vm0', 'vhost_sample')
> +		#qemu_path = "/home/qxu10/qemu-2.2.0/x86_64-softmmu/qemu-
> system-x86_64"
> +		#self.vm.set_qemu_emulator(qemu_path)
> +		if "user" in self.running_case:
> +			vm_params ={}
> +			vm_params['driver'] = 'vhost-user'
> +			vm_params['opt_path'] = './vhost-net'
> +			vm_params['opt_mac'] = self.virtio1_mac
> +			self.vm.set_vm_device(**vm_params)
> +	        	vm_params['opt_mac'] = self.virtio2_mac
> +			self.vm.set_vm_device(**vm_params)
> +
> +		try:
> +			self.vm_dut = self.vm.start(auto_portmap=False)
> +			if self.vm_dut is None:
> +				raise Exception("Set up VM ENV failed")
> +		except Exception as e:
> +				print dts.RED("Failure for %s" % str(e))
> +
> +		return True
> +
> +	def vm_testpmd_start(self):
> +	#######################################################
> +	## Start testpmd in vm
> +	#######################################################
> +		if self.vm_dut is not None:
> +			# Start testpmd with user
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect(self.vm_testpmd, "testpmd>", 20)
> +			# Start tx_first
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("start tx_first", "testpmd>")
> +
> +	def clear_vhost_env(self):
> +	#########################################################
> +	## Kill all vhost sample, shutdown VM
> +	#######################################################
> +		if self.vm_dut:
> +			self.vm_dut.kill_all()
> +			time.sleep(1)
> +			self.vm_dut.close()
> +			self.vm_dut.logger.logger_exit()
> +			self.vm_dut = None
> +		if self.vm:
> +			self.vm.stop()
> +			self.vm = None
> +
> +
> +	def set_legacy_disablefw(self):
> +	###############################################
> +	## Disable firewall and iptables in legacy case
> +	################################################
> +		if self.vm_dut is not None:
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl stop
> firewalld.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl disable
> firewalld.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl stop
> ip6tables.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl disable
> ip6tables.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl stop
> iptables.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl disable
> iptables.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl stop
> NetworkManager.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("systemctl disable
> NetworkManager.service", "#")
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("echo
> 1 >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward", "#")
> +
> +	def set_onevm_legacy_fwd(self):
> +		if self.vm_dut is not None:
> +			ifcfg = self.vm_dut.send_expect("ifconfig -a", "#", 10)
> +                	intfs = re.compile('eth\d').findall(ifcfg)
> +			# Find the virtio1 and virtio2's interface names
> +                	for intf in intfs:
> +                        	out_mac =
> self.vm_dut.send_expect("ifconfig %s" %intf, "#", 10)
> +                        	if self.virtio1_mac in out_mac:
> +                                	self.virtio1 = intf
> +                        	if self.virtio2_mac in out_mac:
> +                                	self.virtio2 = intf
> +                	print "\nvirtio1's intf is %s" %self.virtio1
> +			print "\nvirtio2's intf is %s" %self.virtio2
> +			# Set the mtu 9000 if jumboframe is enabled.
> +			if self.jumbo == 1:
> +				self.vm_dut.send_expect("ifconfig %s mtu
> 9000" %self.virtio1, "#")
> +				self.vm_dut.send_expect("ifconfig %s mtu
> 9000" %self.virtio2, "#")
> +			# Set up the ip address/ipv4 fwd tables
> +			self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip addr add 192.168.4.2/24
> dev %s" %self.virtio1,"#")
> +                	self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip addr add 192.168.3.2/24
> dev %s" %self.virtio2,"#")
> +                	self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip link set dev %s
> up" %self.virtio1, "#")
> +                	self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip link set dev %s
> up" %self.virtio2, "#")
> +                	self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip neigh add 192.168.4.1 lladdr
> 52:00:00:00:00:01 dev %s"%self.virtio1, "#")
> +                	self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip neigh add 192.168.3.1 lladdr
> 52:00:00:00:00:02 dev %s"%self.virtio2, "#")
> +                	self.vm_dut.send_expect("ip route show", "#")
> +               		print self.vm_dut.send_expect("arp -a", "#")
> +
> +
> +
> +	def test_perf_user_one_vm_legacy_fwd(self):
> +
> 	####################################################################
> #
> +	## Test the performance of one vm with 2virtio devices in legacy fwd
> +
> 	####################################################################
> #
> +		# Restore the virtio interfaces to use legacy driver
> +		self.vm_dut.restore_interfaces()
> +
> +		self.set_legacy_disablefw()
> +		# Set the legacy fwd rules then get the VLAN id from vhost
> sample output
> +		self.set_onevm_legacy_fwd()
> +
> +		time.sleep(5)
> +                outdebug = self.dut.get_session_output(timeout=2)
> +                out = self.dut.send_expect("cat ./vhost.out", "# ", 20)
> +                # Get the VLAN ID for virtio
> +                print out, "\ncheck the vlan info: \n"
> +                l1 =
> re.findall('MAC_ADDRESS.*?%s.*?and.*?VLAN_TAG.*?(\d+).*?registered'%(str(s
> elf.virtio1_mac)),out)
> +                if len(l1)>0:
> +                        vlan_id1=l1[0]
> +                        print "vlan_id1 is ", vlan_id1
> +                l2 =
> re.findall('MAC_ADDRESS.*?%s.*?and.*?VLAN_TAG.*?(\d+).*?registered'%(str(s
> elf.virtio2_mac)),out)
> +                if len(l2)>0:
> +                        vlan_id2=l2[0]
> +                        print "vlan_id2 is ", vlan_id2
> +
> +                #vlan_id1 = 1000
> +                #vlan_id2 = 1001
> +                dts.results_table_add_header(self.header_row)
> +
> +		 # Create pcap file and ixia traffic
> +                for frame_size in self.frame_sizes:
> +                        info = "Running test %s, and %d frame size.\n" %
> (self.running_case, frame_size)
> +                        self.logger.info(info)
> +
> +                        payload_size=frame_size - HEADER_SIZE['eth']-
> HEADER_SIZE['ip']
> +
> flow1='[Ether(dst="%s")/Dot1Q(vlan=%s)/IP(src="%s",dst="%s")/("X"*%d)]' %(
> self.virtio1_mac,vlan_id1,self.src1,self.dst1,payload_size)
> +
> flow2='[Ether(dst="%s")/Dot1Q(vlan=%s)/IP(src="%s",dst="%s")/("X"*%d)]' %(
> self.virtio2_mac,vlan_id2,self.src2,self.dst2,payload_size)
> +
> +
> self.tester.scapy_append('wrpcap("flow1.pcap", %s)' %flow1)
> +
> self.tester.scapy_append('wrpcap("flow2.pcap",%s)' %flow2)
> +                        self.tester.scapy_execute()
> +
> +                # Capture the performance
> +                        #self.ip=self.ip_virtio
> +                        tgenInput = []
> +                        port = self.tester.get_local_port(self.pf)
> +                        tgenInput.append((port,port,"flow2.pcap"))
> +
> +
> +                        _, pps =
> self.tester.traffic_generator_throughput(tgenInput,delay=15)
> +		       #self.verify(pps > 0, "No traffic detected")
> +                        pps /=1000000.0
> +                        linerate = self.wirespeed(self.nic, frame_size, 1)
> +			pct = pps *100/ linerate
> +			scenario = self.running_case
> +			mode = "vhost user"
> +                        data_row = [scenario, mode, frame_size, str(pps),
> str(pct)]
> +                        dts.results_table_add_row(data_row)
> +
> +                dts.results_table_print()
> +
> +                # Stop the Vhost sample
> +                #self.dut.send_expect("^C", "#")
> +		self.dut.send_expect("killall -s INT vhost-switch", "#", 20)
> +
> +
> +
> +	def test_perf_user_one_vm_dpdk_fwd(self):
> +
> 	####################################################################
> ##
> +        ## Test the performance of one vm with 2virtio devices in legacy
> fwd
> +
> #####################################################################
> +
> +                # start testpmd on VM
> +		self.vm_testpmd_start()
> +		time.sleep(5)
> +		# Clean the output to ensure the commands cat ./vhost.out can
> be sent and got answered correctly.
> +		out_debug = self.dut.get_session_output(timeout=2)
> +		out = self.dut.send_expect("cat ./vhost.out", "# ", 20)
> +		#out = self.dut.get_session_output(timeout=2)
> +                # Get the VLAN ID for virtio
> +		print out, "\ncheck the vlan info: \n"
> +		l1 =
> re.findall('MAC_ADDRESS.*?%s.*?and.*?VLAN_TAG.*?(\d+).*?registered'%(str(s
> elf.virtio1_mac)),out)
> +		if len(l1)>0:
> +			vlan_id1=l1[0]
> +			print vlan_id1
> +		l2 =
> re.findall('MAC_ADDRESS.*?%s.*?and.*?VLAN_TAG.*?(\d+).*?registered'%(str(s
> elf.virtio2_mac)),out)
> +                if len(l2)>0:
> +                        vlan_id2=l2[0]
> +                        print vlan_id2
> +
> +		#vlan_id1 = 1000
> +		#vlan_id2 = 1001
> +		dts.results_table_add_header(self.header_row)
> +
> +		# Create pcap file and ixia traffic
> +		for frame_size in self.frame_sizes:
> +			info = "Running test %s, and %d frame size.\n" %
> (self.running_case, frame_size)
> +                        self.logger.info(info)
> +
> +			payload_size=frame_size - HEADER_SIZE['eth']-
> HEADER_SIZE['ip']
> +
> 	flow1='[Ether(dst="%s")/Dot1Q(vlan=%s)/IP(src="%s",dst="%s")/("X"*%d
> )]' %(self.virtio1_mac,vlan_id1,self.src1,self.dst1,payload_size)
> +
> 	flow2='[Ether(dst="%s")/Dot1Q(vlan=%s)/IP(src="%s",dst="%s")/("X"*%d
> )]' %(self.virtio2_mac,vlan_id2,self.src2,self.dst2,payload_size)
> +
> 	self.tester.scapy_append('wrpcap("flow1.pcap", %s)' %flow1)
> +
> 	self.tester.scapy_append('wrpcap("flow2.pcap",%s)' %flow2)
> +			self.tester.scapy_execute()
> +
> +                # Capture the performance
> +			#self.ip=self.ip_virtio
> +		        tgenInput = []
> +			port = self.tester.get_local_port(self.pf)
> +			tgenInput.append((port,port,"flow1.pcap"))
> +			tgenInput.append((port,port,"flow2.pcap"))
> +
> +			_, pps =
> self.tester.traffic_generator_throughput(tgenInput,delay=15)
> +#			self.verify(pps > 0, "No traffic detected")
> +			pps /=1000000.0
> +			linerate = self.wirespeed(self.nic, frame_size, 1)
> +			pct = pps *100/ linerate
> +			scenario = self.running_case
> +			mode = "vhost user"
> +			data_row = [scenario, mode, frame_size, str(pps),
> str(pct)]
> +			dts.results_table_add_row(data_row)
> +
> +		dts.results_table_print()
> +		# Stop testpmd
> +		print self.vm_dut.send_expect("stop", "testpmd>")
> +                time.sleep(1)
> +		self.vm_dut.send_expect("quit", "# ")
> +
> +		# Stop the Vhost sample
> +		self.dut.send_expect("killall -s INT vhost-switch", "#")
> +
> +	def test_perf_user_one_vm_legacy_fwd_jumboframe(self):
> +		self.test_perf_user_one_vm_legacy_fwd()
> +
> +	def test_perf_user_one_vm_dpdk_fwd_jumboframe(self):
> +		self.test_perf_user_one_vm_dpdk_fwd()
> +
> +
> +	def tear_down(self):
> +		###################################
> +        	## Run after each test case.
> +        	################################
> +		self.clear_vhost_env()
> +		self.dut.kill_all()
> +		time.sleep(2)
> +
> +
> +	def tear_down_all(self):
> +		"""
> +        	Run after each test suite.
> +        	"""
> +		# Restore the config file and recompile the package
> +#		self.dut.send_expect("sed -i -e
> 's/RTE_LIBRTE_VHOST=y$/RTE_LIBRTE_VHOST=n/' config/common_linuxapp", "#",
> 30)
> +		#self.dut.send_expect("sed -i -e
> 's/CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_VHOST_USER=.*$/CONFIG_RTE_LIBRTE_VHOST_USER=n/' ./con
> fig/common_linuxapp", "# ", 30)
> +		#self.dut.build_install_dpdk(self.target)
> +#		time.sleep(20)
> +		pass
> --
> 2.1.0

  reply	other threads:[~2015-07-13  1:25 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 12+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2015-07-13  1:14 [dts] [PATCH 0/5]Add vhost-user and vhost-cuse " Qian Xu
2015-07-13  1:14 ` [dts] [PATCH 1/5] add vhost-cuse implementations for virtio pci device Qian Xu
2015-07-13  1:17   ` Liu, Yong
2015-07-13  1:18     ` Xu, Qian Q
2015-07-13  1:26       ` Liu, Yong
2015-07-13  1:14 ` [dts] [PATCH 2/5] add vhost-cuse sample config file for reference Qian Xu
2015-07-13  1:14 ` [dts] [PATCH 3/5] add the vhost-user " Qian Xu
2015-07-13  1:14 ` [dts] [PATCH 4/5] add vhost-cuse one vm sample Qian Xu
2015-07-13  1:19   ` Liu, Yong
2015-07-13  1:14 ` [dts] [PATCH 5/5] add vhost-user one vm sample case Qian Xu
2015-07-13  1:25   ` Liu, Yong [this message]
     [not found] <1436505936-31370-1-git-send-email-y\x7f>
     [not found] ` <f6d1c17c-bcdc-4a15-9970-8d88386337aa@unknown>
2015-07-10  5:27   ` Xu, Qian Q

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=86228AFD5BCD8E4EBFD2B90117B5E81E10E5FE1C@SHSMSX103.ccr.corp.intel.com \
    --to=yong.liu@intel.com \
    --cc=dts@dpdk.org \
    --cc=qian.q.xu@intel.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox;
as well as URLs for NNTP newsgroup(s).